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Adult polycystic kidney disease is caused by a mistake in the DNA and the incidence is high, one with the wrong DNA in 1000 people. About 10% of end-stage renal failure is caused by adult polycystic kidney disease. Approximate 50% of patients will develop end-stage renal failure after 50 years old. It is called adult polycystic kidney disease because of the symptoms occurring in adulthood but the cysts are born with. With age, the cysts will become larger and larger, which leads to the decrease of renal parenchyma and eventually end-stage renal failure.